Details of Host Protein

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Host Protein General Information (ID: PT0170)
Protein Name	Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2)	Gene Name	ALDH2
Host Species	Homo sapiens	Uniprot Entry Name	ALDH2_HUMAN
Protein Families	Aldehyde dehydrogenase family
EC Number	1.2.1.3
Subcellular Location	Mitochondrion matrix
External Link
	NCBI Gene ID	217
	Uniprot ID	P05091
	Ensembl ID	ENSG00000111275
	HGNC ID	HGNC:404
Related KEGG Pathway
	Valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation	hsa00280		Pathway Map
	Lysine degradation	hsa00310		Pathway Map
	Arginine and proline metabolism	hsa00330		Pathway Map
	Histidine metabolism	hsa00340		Pathway Map
	Tryptophan metabolism	hsa00380		Pathway Map
	Glycolysis / Gluconeogenesis	hsa00010		Pathway Map
	Ascorbate and aldarate metabolism	hsa00053		Pathway Map
	Pyruvate metabolism	hsa00620		Pathway Map
	Alcoholic liver disease	hsa04936		Pathway Map
	Metabolic pathways	hsa01100		Pathway Map
3D Structure	PDB ID: 1CW3 FASTA Download 2D PNG Download PDB File Download

Function of This Protein During Virus Infection
Virus Name	SARS-COV-2	Protein Function	Pro-viral	[1]
Infected Tissue	Colon	Infection Time	48 h
Infected Cell	Caco-2 cells (Human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell)	Cellosaurus ID	CVCL_0025
Method Description	To detect the role of host protein ALDH2 in viral infection, ALDH2 protein knockout Caco-2 cells were infected with SARS-COV-2 for 48 h , and the effects on infection was detected through qPCR.
Results	It is reported that Knockdown of ALDH2 leads to the reduced the vRNA levels compared with control group.
Virus Name	SARS-COV-2	Protein Function	Pro-viral	[2]
Infected Tissue	Lung	Infection Time	7-9 Days
Infected Cell	Calu-3 Cells (Human epithelial cell line)	Cellosaurus ID	CVCL_0609
Method Description	To detect the role of host protein ALDH2 in viral infection, ALDH2 protein knockout Calu-3 Cells were infected with SARS-COV-2 for 7 - 9 Days , and the effects on infection was detected through CRISPR-based genome-wide gene-knockout screen.
Results	It is reported that knockout of ALDH2 leads to the decreased SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels compared with control group.

Full List of Virus RNA Interacting with This Protien
*RNA Region: 3'-UTR (hCoV-19/IPBCAMS-YL01/2020 )*
RNA Region Details	RNA Info Click to show the detail information of this RNA binding region	[1]
Strains Name	hCoV-19/IPBCAMS-YL01/2020
Strains Family	Beta (B.1.351)
RNA Binding Region	3'-UTR
Virus Name	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
Interaction Type	Unlikely to be direct binder
Infection Cells	Huh7.5.1 cells (Hepatocyte derived cellular carcinoma cell) (CVCL_E049 )
Cell Originated Tissue	Liver
Infection Time	30 h
Interaction Score	MIST = 0.685516758
Method Description	comprehensive identification of RNA-binding proteins by massspectrometry (ChIRP-MS)

Differential Gene Expression During SARS-COV-2 Infection

GEO Accession: GSE152641

Sample Type: Blood

Samples Details: Healthy Control: 24; COVID-19: 62

Platform: GPL24676 Illumina NovaSeq 6000

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GEO Accession: GSE162835

Sample Type: Nasopharyngeal Swabs

Samples Details: COVID-19 (Mild Symptoms): 37; COVID-19 (Moderate Symptoms): 10; COVID-19 (Severe Symptoms): 3

Platform: GPL24676 Illumina NovaSeq 6000

PNG Download

GEO Accession: GSE175779

Sample Type: Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells

Samples Details: Healthy Control: 4 (0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h); COVID-19: 4 (24, 48, 72 and 96 h)

Platform: GPL18573 Illumina NextSeq 500

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Potential Drug(s) that Targets This Protein
Drug Name	DrunkBank ID	Pubchem ID	TTD ID	REF
Caffeine	DB00201	2519	D0B3HD	[1]
Theophylline	DB00277	2153	.	[1]

Protein Sequence Information
MLRAAARFGPRLGRRLLSAAATQAVPAPNQQPEVFCNQIFINNEWHDAVSRKTFPTVNPSTGEVICQVAEGDKEDVDKAVKAARAAFQLGSPWRRMDASHRGRLLNRLADLIERDRTYLAALETLDNGKPYVISYLVDLDMVLKCLRYYAGWADKYHGKTIPIDGDFFSYTRHEPVGVCGQIIPWNFPLLMQAWKLGPALATGNVVVMKVAEQTPLTALYVANLIKEAGFPPGVVNIVPGFGPTAGAAIASHEDVDKVAFTGSTEIGRVIQVAAGSSNLKRVTLELGGKSPNIIMSDADMDWAVEQAHFALFFNQGQCCCAGSRTFVQEDIYDEFVERSVARAKSRVVGNPFDSKTEQGPQVDETQFKKILGYINTGKQEGAKLLCGGGIAADRGYFIQPTVFGDVQDGMTIAKEEIFGPVMQILKFKTIEEVVGRANNSTYGLAAAVFTKDLDKANYLSQALQAGTVWVNCYDVFGAQSPFGGYKMSGSGRELGEYGLQAYTEVKTVTVKVPQKNS Click to Show/Hide

References
1	Comparison of viral RNA-host protein interactomes across pathogenic RNA viruses informs rapid antiviral drug discovery for SARS-CoV-2. Cell Res. 2022 Jan;32(1):9-23.
2	Genome-wide CRISPR screens identify GATA6 as a proviral host factor for SARS-CoV-2 via modulation of ACE2. Nat Commun. 2022 Apr 25;13(1):2237.