Details of Host Protein

Host Protein General Information (ID: PT0576)
Protein Name	PKR-associating protein X (PACT)	Gene Name	PRKRA
Host Species	Homo sapiens	Uniprot Entry Name	PRKRA_HUMAN
Protein Families	PRKRA family
Subcellular Location	Cytoplasm; perinuclear region
External Link
	NCBI Gene ID	8575
	Uniprot ID	O75569
	Ensembl ID	ENSG00000180228
	HGNC ID	HGNC:9438
Function in Host	Activates EIF2AK2/PKR in the absence of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), leading to phosphorylation of EIF2S1/EFI2-alpha and inhibitionof translation and induction of apoptosis. Required for siRNAproduction by DICER1 and for subsequent siRNA-mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing. Does not seem to be required forprocessing of pre-miRNA to miRNA by DICER1. Promotes UBC9-p53/TP53association and sumoylation and phosphorylation of p53/TP53 at 'Lys-386' at 'Ser-392' respectively and enhances its activity in aEIF2AK2/PKR-dependent manner. [1-6] Click to Show/Hide
3D Structure	PDB ID: 2DIX FASTA Download 2D PNG Download PDB File Download

Full List of Virus RNA Interacting with This Protien
*RNA Region: ORF10 (hCoV-19/Not Specified Virus Strain )*
RNA Region Details	RNA Info Click to show the detail information of this RNA binding region	[7]
Strains Name	hCoV-19/Not Specified Virus Strain
Strains Family	Beta (B.1.351)
RNA Binding Region	ORF10
Virus Name	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
Infection Cells	Huh7 cells (human liver cell line); Calu-3 cells (human lung cancer cell line) (CVCL_0336;CVCL_0609 )
Cell Originated Tissue	Liver; Lung
Interaction Score	P-value < 0.05
Method Description	RNA pull-down assays; liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); Wilcoxon test; MS2 affinity purification coupled with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (MAMS)

Differential Gene Expression During SARS-COV-2 Infection

GEO Accession: GSE152641

Sample Type: Blood

Samples Details: Healthy Control: 24; COVID-19: 62

Platform: GPL24676 Illumina NovaSeq 6000

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GEO Accession: GSE162835

Sample Type: Nasopharyngeal Swabs

Samples Details: COVID-19 (Mild Symptoms): 37; COVID-19 (Moderate Symptoms): 10; COVID-19 (Severe Symptoms): 3

Platform: GPL24676 Illumina NovaSeq 6000

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GEO Accession: GSE175779

Sample Type: Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells

Samples Details: Healthy Control: 4 (0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h); COVID-19: 4 (24, 48, 72 and 96 h)

Platform: GPL18573 Illumina NextSeq 500

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Protein Phosphorylation after Virus Infection
S18 [8] PNG Download
S22 [8] PNG Download
T20 [8] PNG Download

Protein Sequence Information
MSQSRHRAEAPPLEREDSGTFSLGKMITAKPGKTPIQVLHEYGMKTKNIPVYECERSDVQIHVPTFTFRVTVGDITCTGEGTSKKLAKHRAAEAAINILKANASICFAVPDPLMPDPSKQPKNQLNPIGSLQELAIHHGWRLPEYTLSQEGGPAHKREYTTICRLESFMETGKGASKKQAKRNAAEKFLAKFSNISPENHISLTNVVGHSLGCTWHSLRNSPGEKINLLKRSLLSIPNTDYIQLLSEIAKEQGFNITYLDIDELSANGQYQCLAELSTSPITVCHGSGISCGNAQSDAAHNALQYLKIIAERK Click to Show/Hide

References
1	Human TRBP and PACT directly interact with each other and associate with dicer to facilitate the production of small interfering RNA. J Biol Chem. 2007 Jun 15;282(24):17649-57.
2	Phosphorylation of specific serine residues in the PKR activation domain of PACT is essential for its ability to mediate apoptosis. J Biol Chem. 2006 Nov 17;281(46):35129-36.
3	The role of PACT in the RNA silencing pathway. EMBO J. 2006 Feb 8;25(3):522-32.
4	Modular structure of PACT: distinct domains for binding and activating PKR. Mol Cell Biol. 2001 Mar;21(6):1908-20.
5	RAX, a cellular activator for double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase during stress signaling. J Biol Chem. 1999 May 28;274(22):15427-32.
6	PACT, a protein activator of the interferon-induced protein kinase, PKR. EMBO J. 1998 Aug 3;17(15):4379-90.
7	Mapping the host protein interactome of non-coding regions in SARS-CoV-2 genome. bioRxiv. 2021 Jun; DOI:10.1101/2021.06.19.449092.
8	Multilevel proteomics reveals host perturbations by SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV. Nature. 2021 Jun;594(7862):246-252.