Details of Host Protein

 Host Protein General Information (ID: PT0342)
  Protein Name
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3F (A3F)
  Gene Name
APOBEC3F
  Host Species
Homo sapiens
  Uniprot Entry Name
ABC3F_HUMAN
  Protein Families
Cytidine and deoxycytidylate deaminase family
  EC Number
3.5.4.38
  Subcellular Location
Cytoplasm
  External Link
NCBI Gene ID
200316
Uniprot ID
Q8IUX4
Ensembl ID
ENSG00000128394
HGNC ID
HGNC:17356
  Function in Host
DNA deaminase (cytidine deaminase) which acts as an inhibitorof retrovirus replication and retrotransposon mobility via deaminase-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Exhibits antiviral activityagainst Vif-deficient HIV-1. Afterthe penetration of retroviral nucleocapsids into target cells ofinfection and the initiation of reverse transcription, it can inducethe conversion of cytosine to uracil in the minus-sense single-strandviral DNA, leading to G-to-A hypermutations in the subsequent plus-strand viral DNA. The resultant detrimental levels of mutations in theproviral genome, along with a deamination-independent mechanism thatworks prior to the proviral integration, together exert efficientantiretroviral effects in infected target cells. Selectively targetssingle-stranded DNA and does not deaminate double-stranded DNA orsingle- or double-stranded RNA. Exhibits antiviral activity alsoagainst hepatitis B virus (HBV), equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), xenotropic MuLV-related virus (XMRV) and simian foamy virus (SFV) andmay inhibit the mobility of LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons. May alsoplay a role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression through theprocess of active DNA demethylation. [1-14]
    Click to Show/Hide
  Related KEGG Pathway
Human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection hsa05170            Pathway Map 
Viral life cycle - HIV-1 hsa03250            Pathway Map 
  3D Structure
PDB ID: 3WUS 
FASTA   Download
  2D PNG Download  
PDB File Download

Function of This Protein During Virus Infection
Virus NameSARS-COV-2 Protein Function Anti-viral [15]
Infected TissueLung Infection Time7-9 Days
Infected CellCalu-3 Cells (Human epithelial cell line) Cellosaurus IDCVCL_0609 
Method DescriptionTo detect the role of host protein APOBEC3F in viral infection, APOBEC3F protein knockout Calu-3 Cells were infected with SARS-COV-2 for 7 - 9 Days , and the effects on infection was detected through CRISPR-based genome-wide gene-knockout screen.
ResultsIt is reported that knockout of APOBEC3F increases SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels compared with control group.

 Full List of Virus RNA Interacting with This Protien
            RNA Region: Not Specified Virus Region (hCoV-19/England/02/2020 )
              RNA Region Details RNA Info Click to show the detail information of this RNA binding region [16]
              Strains Name
hCoV-19/England/02/2020
              Strains Family
Beta (B.1.351)
              RNA Binding Region
Not Specified Virus Region
              Virus Name
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
              Infection Cells Calu-3 cells (Human lung cancer cell)  (CVCL_0609 )
              Cell Originated Tissue Lung
              Infection Time 24 h
              Interaction Score P-adjust = 0.055
              Method Description UV protein-RNA crosslinking; RNA interactome capture (cRIC); RNA antisense purification coupled with mass spectrometry (RAP-MS)

Differential Gene Expression During SARS-COV-2 Infection
GEO Accession: GSE152641
Sample Type: Blood
Samples Details: Healthy Control: 24; COVID-19: 62
Platform: GPL24676 Illumina NovaSeq 6000
  PNG Download  
Picture Not Found

GEO Accession: GSE162835
Sample Type: Nasopharyngeal Swabs
Samples Details: COVID-19 (Mild Symptoms): 37; COVID-19 (Moderate Symptoms): 10; COVID-19 (Severe Symptoms): 3
Platform: GPL24676 Illumina NovaSeq 6000
  PNG Download  
Picture Not Found

GEO Accession: GSE175779
Sample Type: Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells
Samples Details: Healthy Control: 4 (0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h); COVID-19: 4 (24, 48, 72 and 96 h)
Platform: GPL18573 Illumina NextSeq 500
  PNG Download  
Picture Not Found

Protein Sequence Information
MKPHFRNTVERMYRDTFSYNFYNRPILSRRNTVWLCYEVKTKGPSRPRLDAKIFRGQVYSQPEHHAEMCFLSWFCGNQLPAYKCFQITWFVSWTPCPDCVAKLAEFLAEHPNVTLTISAARLYYYWERDYRRALCRLSQAGARVKIMDDEEFAYCWENFVYSEGQPFMPWYKFDDNYAFLHRTLKEILRNPMEAMYPHIFYFHFKNLRKAYGRNESWLCFTMEVVKHHSPVSWKRGVFRNQVDPETHCHAERCFLSWFCDDILSPNTNYEVTWYTSWSPCPECAGEVAEFLARHSNVNLTIFTARLYYFWDTDYQEGLRSLSQEGASVEIMGYKDFKYCWENFVYNDDEPFKPWKGLKYNFLFLDSKLQEILE
    Click to Show/Hide

References
1 APOBEC3G restricts HIV-1 to a greater extent than APOBEC3F and APOBEC3DE in human primary CD4+ T cells and macrophages. J Virol. 2013 Jan;87(1):444-53.
2 Suppression of HIV-1 infection by APOBEC3 proteins in primary human CD4(+) T cells is associated with inhibition of processive reverse transcription as well as excessive cytidine deamination. J Virol. 2013 Feb;87(3):1508-17.
3 Endogenous origins of HIV-1 G-to-A hypermutation and restriction in the nonpermissive T cell line CEM2n. PLoS Pathog. 2012;8(7):e1002800.
4 The APOBEC3C crystal structure and the interface for HIV-1 Vif binding. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2012 Oct;19(10):1005-10.
5 HIV-1 replication and APOBEC3 antiviral activity are not regulated by P bodies. J Virol. 2012 Nov;86(21):11712-24.
6 Human and rhesus APOBEC3D, APOBEC3F, APOBEC3G, and APOBEC3H demonstrate a conserved capacity to restrict Vif-deficient HIV-1. J Virol. 2011 Nov;85(21):11220-34.
7 Hydroxylation of 5-methylcytosine by TET1 promotes active DNA demethylation in the adult brain. Cell. 2011 Apr 29;145(3):423-34.
8 APOBEC3F and APOBEC3G inhibit HIV-1 DNA integration by different mechanisms. J Virol. 2010 May;84(10):5250-9.
9 Inhibition of xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus by APOBEC3 proteins and antiviral drugs. J Virol. 2010 Jun;84(11):5719-29.
10 APOBEC3 proteins mediate the clearance of foreign DNA from human cells. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2010 Feb;17(2):222-9.
11 Restriction of equine infectious anemia virus by equine APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases. J Virol. 2009 Aug;83(15):7547-59.
12 APOBEC3A is a potent inhibitor of adeno-associated virus and retrotransposons. Curr Biol. 2006 Mar 7;16(5):480-5.
13 Restriction of foamy viruses by APOBEC cytidine deaminases. J Virol. 2006 Jan;80(2):605-14.
14 A second human antiretroviral factor, APOBEC3F, is suppressed by the HIV-1 and HIV-2 Vif proteins. EMBO J. 2004 Jun 16;23(12):2451-8.
15 Genome-wide CRISPR screens identify GATA6 as a proviral host factor for SARS-CoV-2 via modulation of ACE2. Nat Commun. 2022 Apr 25;13(1):2237.
16 Global analysis of protein-RNA interactions in SARS-CoV-2-infected cells reveals key regulators of infection. Mol Cell. 2021 Jul 1;81(13):2851-2867.e7.