Details of Host Protein

 Host Protein General Information (ID: PT0475)
  Protein Name
Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial (GLS)
  Gene Name
GLS
  Host Species
Homo sapiens
  Uniprot Entry Name
GLSK_HUMAN
  Protein Families
Glutaminase family
  EC Number
3.5.1.2
  Subcellular Location
Mitochondrion Cytoplasm; cytosol
  External Link
NCBI Gene ID
2744
Uniprot ID
O94925
Ensembl ID
ENSG00000115419
HGNC ID
HGNC:4331
  Function in Host
Catalyzes the first reaction in the primary pathway for therenal catabolism of glutamine. Plays a role in maintaining acid-basehomeostasis. Regulates the levels of the neurotransmitter glutamate, the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain. [1-3]
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  Related KEGG Pathway
Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism hsa00250            Pathway Map 
Arginine biosynthesis hsa00220            Pathway Map 
MicroRNAs in cancer hsa05206            Pathway Map 
Central carbon metabolism in cancer hsa05230            Pathway Map 
Proximal tubule bicarbonate reclamation hsa04964            Pathway Map 
Metabolic pathways hsa01100            Pathway Map 
D-Amino acid metabolism hsa00470            Pathway Map 
Glutamatergic synapse hsa04724            Pathway Map 
GABAergic synapse hsa04727            Pathway Map 
  3D Structure
PDB ID: 3CZD 
FASTA   Download
  2D PNG Download  
PDB File Download

Function of This Protein During Virus Infection
Virus NameSARS-COV-2 Protein Function Pro-viral [4]
Infected TissueLung Infection Time7-9 Days
Infected CellCalu-3 Cells (Human epithelial cell line) Cellosaurus IDCVCL_0609 
Method DescriptionTo detect the role of host protein GLS in viral infection, GLS protein knockout Calu-3 Cells were infected with SARS-COV-2 for 7 - 9 Days , and the effects on infection was detected through CRISPR-based genome-wide gene-knockout screen.
ResultsIt is reported that knockout of GLS leads to the decreased SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels compared with control group.

 Full List of Virus RNA Interacting with This Protien
            RNA Region: Not Specified Virus Region (hCoV-19/Not Specified Virus Strain )
              RNA Region Details RNA Info Click to show the detail information of this RNA binding region [5]
              Strains Name
hCoV-19/Not Specified Virus Strain
              RNA Binding Region
Not Specified Virus Region
              Virus Name
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
              Infection Cells Huh7 cells (liver carcinoma cell)  (CVCL_0336 )
              Cell Originated Tissue Liver
              Infection Time 24h
              Interaction Score log2FC = 2.99348E+14
              Method Description RNA antisense purification and quantitative mass spectrometry (RAP-MS); Tandem mass tag (TMT) labelling; liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); Westernblot

Differential Gene Expression During SARS-COV-2 Infection
GEO Accession: GSE152641
Sample Type: Blood
Samples Details: Healthy Control: 24; COVID-19: 62
Platform: GPL24676 Illumina NovaSeq 6000
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GEO Accession: GSE162835
Sample Type: Nasopharyngeal Swabs
Samples Details: COVID-19 (Mild Symptoms): 37; COVID-19 (Moderate Symptoms): 10; COVID-19 (Severe Symptoms): 3
Platform: GPL24676 Illumina NovaSeq 6000
  PNG Download  
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GEO Accession: GSE175779
Sample Type: Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells
Samples Details: Healthy Control: 4 (0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h); COVID-19: 4 (24, 48, 72 and 96 h)
Platform: GPL18573 Illumina NextSeq 500
  PNG Download  
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Protein Sequence Information
MMRLRGSGMLRDLLLRSPAGVSATLRRAQPLVTLCRRPRGGGRPAAGPAAAARLHPWWGGGGWPAEPLARGLSSSPSEILQELGKGSTHPQPGVSPPAAPAAPGPKDGPGETDAFGNSEGKELVASGENKIKQGLLPSLEDLLFYTIAEGQEKIPVHKFITALKSTGLRTSDPRLKECMDMLRLTLQTTSDGVMLDKDLFKKCVQSNIVLLTQAFRRKFVIPDFMSFTSHIDELYESAKKQSGGKVADYIPQLAKFSPDLWGVSVCTVDGQRHSTGDTKVPFCLQSCVKPLKYAIAVNDLGTEYVHRYVGKEPSGLRFNKLFLNEDDKPHNPMVNAGAIVVTSLIKQGVNNAEKFDYVMQFLNKMAGNEYVGFSNATFQSERESGDRNFAIGYYLKEKKCFPEGTDMVGILDFYFQLCSIEVTCESASVMAATLANGGFCPITGERVLSPEAVRNTLSLMHSCGMYDFSGQFAFHVGLPAKSGVAGGILLVVPNVMGMMCWSPPLDKMGNSVKGIHFCHDLVSLCNFHNYDNLRHFAKKLDPRREGGDQRVKSVINLLFAAYTGDVSALRRFALSAMDMEQRDYDSRTALHVAAAEGHVEVVKFLLEACKVNPFPKDRWNNTPMDEALHFGHHDVFKILQEYQVQYTPQGDSDNGKENQTVHKNLDGLL
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References
1 Identification of a Loss-of-Function Mutation in the Context of Glutaminase Deficiency and Neonatal Epileptic Encephalopathy. JAMA Neurol. 2019 Mar 1;76(3):342-350.
2 GLS hyperactivity causes glutamate excess, infantile cataract and profound developmental delay. Hum Mol Genet. 2019 Jan 1;28(1):96-104.
3 Glutaminase Deficiency Caused by Short Tandem Repeat Expansion in GLS. N Engl J Med. 2019 Apr 11;380(15):1433-1441.
4 Genome-wide CRISPR screens identify GATA6 as a proviral host factor for SARS-CoV-2 via modulation of ACE2. Nat Commun. 2022 Apr 25;13(1):2237.
5 The SARS-CoV-2 RNA-protein interactome in infected human cells. Nat Microbiol. 2021 Mar;6(3):339-353.